{"id":887,"date":"2017-05-30T15:58:24","date_gmt":"2017-05-30T15:58:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.horticum.is\/?p=887"},"modified":"2017-05-18T09:57:24","modified_gmt":"2017-05-18T09:57:24","slug":"mosi-i-grasflotum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/?p=887","title":{"rendered":"Mosi \u00ed grasfl\u00f6tum"},"content":{"rendered":"

Lei\u00f0beiningar um a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir gegn mosa<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mosi \u00ed grasfl\u00f6tum er algengt og hvimleitt vandam\u00e1l. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0ur fyrir mosavextinum geta veri\u00f0 af \u00fdmsum toga. Algengur misskilningur er a\u00f0 mosi \u00fer\u00edfist best \u00ed h\u00e1v\u00f6xnu grasi og \u00fev\u00ed beri a\u00f0 sl\u00e1 grasi\u00f0 ne\u00f0arlega. Stundum er jafnvel tala\u00f0 um a\u00f0 “h\u00e1tt gras s\u00e9 gr\u00f3\u00f0rarst\u00eda fyrir mosav\u00f6xt”. Hi\u00f0 r\u00e9tta er einmitt gagnst\u00e6tt, \u00fe.e. mosi \u00fer\u00edfst betur \u00ed sn\u00f6ggt klipptu grasi en h\u00e1vaxi\u00f0 gras skyggir hann frekar \u00fat. Eftirfarandi lei\u00f0beiningar eiga vi\u00f0 um helstu a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 sporna vi\u00f0 mosavexti \u00ed grasfl\u00f6tum, a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir og verklag. Einnig er fjalla\u00f0 um nau\u00f0synleg verkf\u00e6ri og efni vi\u00f0 framkv\u00e6mdina.<\/p>\n

Tilgangurinn<\/p>\n

Mosi hefur mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fatlit en ekki s\u00edst styrk grasflatar. Mosav\u00f6xturinn er \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 einkenni um a\u00f0 grasi\u00f0 b\u00fai vi\u00f0 \u00f3heppilegar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur sem beri a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0. S\u00e9 ekkert a\u00f0hafst mun mosav\u00f6xturinn \u00e1gerast og sm\u00e1m saman leggja undir sig fl\u00f6tina. Vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 veikist m\u00f3tst\u00f6\u00f0ukraftur grassins til a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast gegn sj\u00fakd\u00f3mum og samkeppni annara \u00f3\u00e6skilegra tegunda, t.d. illgresis.<\/p>\n

\u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0ur fyrir mosa \u00ed grasfl\u00f6tum<\/p>\n

Sem \u00e1\u00f0ur segir geta \u00fdmsar \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0ur veri\u00f0 fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 mosi herjar \u00e1 grasflatir. \u00cd flestum tilvikum er orsaka a\u00f0 leita \u00ed jar\u00f0veginum. Mosinn vex helst \u00fear sem jar\u00f0vegur er illa framr\u00e6stur, loftlaus og s\u00far \u00fe.e.a.s. \u00fear sem vatnsinnihald jar\u00f0vegs er miki\u00f0 og s\u00farefni l\u00edti\u00f0. Einnig eru skuggasv\u00e6\u00f0i gar\u00f0sins l\u00edkleg til a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a mosavaxin. H\u00e1vaxinn og \u00fe\u00e9ttur trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0ur varpar miklum skugga \u00e1 grassv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 sem veldur grasinu van\u00ferifum m.a. vegna l\u00e6gri hita og minni birtu.<\/p>\n

Hven\u00e6r er r\u00e9tti t\u00edminn?<\/p>\n

Yfirleitt er best er a\u00f0 byrja a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir gegn mosa \u00ed upphafi vaxtart\u00edmabils grassins t.d. \u00ed byrjun ma\u00ed en nau\u00f0synlegt er a\u00f0 fylgja eftir vinnunni allt vaxtart\u00edmabili\u00f0 svo a\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0ur \u00e1rangur n\u00e1ist. Ef grasfl\u00f6tin er umgirt h\u00e1um trj\u00e1m getur veri\u00f0 \u00feess vir\u00f0i a\u00f0 taka \u00e1h\u00e6ttu og s\u00e1 grasfr\u00e6i snemma \u00ed t\u00e6tta fl\u00f6t (t.d. eftir mosaey\u00f0ingu), \u00e1\u00f0ur en trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0urinn laufgast a\u00f0 fullu. \u00dea\u00f0 gefur grasinu forskot. \u00deegar um st\u00e6rri a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00fearf a\u00f0 taka tillit til ve\u00f0urfars. Til d\u00e6mis er ekki heppilegt a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma a\u00f0gangshar\u00f0a g\u00f6tun \u00ed miklum \u00feurrkum e\u00f0a raufarskur\u00f0 \u00ed mikilli bleytu og\/e\u00f0a kulda.<\/p>\n

H\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 mosa \u00ed grasfl\u00f6tum \u00e1 \u00fdmsan h\u00e1tt.<\/p>\n

Svok\u00f6llu\u00f0 loftun grasflata felst \u00ed \u00fdmsum a\u00f0ger\u00f0um sem auka s\u00farefni, loftfl\u00e6\u00f0i og vatnslei\u00f0ni \u00ed vaxtarlagi og \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0i flatarinnar. Framkv\u00e6md loftunar getur veri\u00f0 af \u00fdmsum toga, allt fr\u00e1 einf\u00f6ldum rakstri \u00ed gegnum svar\u00f0lag grassins yfir \u00ed fl\u00f3knar jar\u00f0vegsframkv\u00e6mdir t.d. l\u00f3\u00f0skur\u00f0 og tappag\u00f6tun sem eru algengar a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir \u00e1 golffl\u00f6tum.<\/p>\n

Auk a\u00f0ger\u00f0a til a\u00f0 b\u00e6ta a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur \u00ed jar\u00f0veginum getur reynst nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 grisja trj\u00e1kr\u00f3nur e\u00f0a f\u00e6kka trj\u00e1m til a\u00f0 hleypa birtu og hita a\u00f0 grasinu.<\/p>\n

Einf\u00f6ld lei\u00f0 er sem fyrr segir a\u00f0 raka kr\u00f6ftuglega \u00ed gegnum yfirbor\u00f0 grassins me\u00f0 hr\u00edfu, t.d. plasthr\u00edfu og losa \u00feannig um mosann og dautt l\u00edfr\u00e6nt efni sem liggur \u00ed yfirbor\u00f0i grassins. \u00deannig fjarl\u00e6gist \u00f3\u00e6skilegt efni sem getur valdi\u00f0 loftleysi og s\u00farnun sem l\u00e6kkar s\u00fdrustigi\u00f0 og skapar hentugar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur fyrir mosann og a\u00f0rar \u00f3\u00e6skilegar tegundir. Mosi hefur ekki eiginlegt r\u00f3tarkerfi heldur svokalla\u00f0a r\u00e6tlinga sem festa mosann vi\u00f0 undirlagi\u00f0 en skipta litlu m\u00e1li fyrir uppt\u00f6ku \u00e1 n\u00e6ringu. Mosinn losnar einnig frekar au\u00f0veldlega vi\u00f0 raksturinn. \u00deessi a\u00f0fer\u00f0 er mj\u00f6g hentug \u00ed upphafi vaxtart\u00edmabils fyrir fyrsta grassl\u00e1tt sumarsins og virkar mj\u00f6g vel \u00feegar um minnih\u00e1ttar mosav\u00f6xt er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00feeim tilfellum sem grasflatir innihalda miki\u00f0 magn af mosa getur \u00feurft a\u00f0 fara \u00ed st\u00e6rri framkv\u00e6mdir. Yfirleitt er n\u00e6gilegt a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma svo kalla\u00f0a mosat\u00e6tingu. H\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 kaupa e\u00f0a leigja \u00fdmsar tegundir mosat\u00e6tara, b\u00e6\u00f0i rafmagns- og bens\u00ednkn\u00fana. Mosat\u00e6tari er \u00fatb\u00fainn me\u00f0 litlum hn\u00edfum e\u00f0a gr\u00f6nnum tindum sem rista ni\u00f0ur \u00ed yfirbor\u00f0 flatarinnar og krafsa mosann upp. T\u00e6tingin hefur \u00ed flestum tilfellum l\u00edtil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 sj\u00e1lft grasi\u00f0. \u00cd flestum tilfellum er nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 fara nokkrar umfer\u00f0ir yfir grasfl\u00f6tina og gott er a\u00f0 fara til skiptis \u00fevert \u00e1 fyrri umfer\u00f0, \u00fe.e. langsum og \u00feversum. Vi\u00f0 t\u00e6tinguna geta myndast ber sv\u00e6\u00f0i og opin jar\u00f0vegur \u00fear sem l\u00edti\u00f0 gras stendur eftir. Algengt er a\u00f0 magn mosans komi gar\u00f0eigandanum \u00e1 \u00f3vart \u00feegar hann liggur laus \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0inu og er betur s\u00fdnilegur. Eftir t\u00e6tinguna \u00fearf a\u00f0 raka saman \u00f6llum mosanum og fjarl\u00e6gja. Gott er a\u00f0 dreifa grasfr\u00e6i yfir fl\u00f6tina eftir t\u00e6tinguna til a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9tta sv\u00f6r\u00f0inn. Mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 fr\u00e6i\u00f0 komist sem best ni\u00f0ur \u00ed jar\u00f0veginn, t.d. me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 raka yfir fl\u00f6tina strax eftir s\u00e1ningu. Mi\u00f0a m\u00e1 vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 nota \u00feurfi \u00e1 bilinu 1-3 kg af grasfr\u00e6i \u00e1 100 m2 (sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar \u00ed kafla um grass\u00e1ningu).<\/p>\n

Eftir a\u00f0 fr\u00e6inu hefur veri\u00f0 dreift og \u00fea\u00f0 raka\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur \u00ed jar\u00f0veginn er gott a\u00f0 sanda yfirbor\u00f0i\u00f0 me\u00f0 f\u00ednum sandi, t.d. p\u00fassningasandi. Sandurinn hefur j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 jar\u00f0veginn og kemur m.a. \u00ed veg fyrir \u00fej\u00f6ppun \u00ed jar\u00f0veginum. Einnig eykur sandurinn loftfl\u00e6\u00f0i og vatnslei\u00f0ni. \u00c1g\u00e6tt er a\u00f0 mi\u00f0a vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00feykkt sandlagsins s\u00e9 2-4 mm. \u00cd \u00feeim tilfellum sem um sandr\u00edkann jar\u00f0veg er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a m\u00e1 nota n\u00e6ringarr\u00edka mold \u00ed s\u00f6mu lag\u00feykkt, t.d. mold blanda\u00f0a me\u00f0 sveppamassa e\u00f0a moltu. A\u00f0 auki getur veri\u00f0 gagnlegt a\u00f0 gefa \u00e1bur\u00f0 og kalk samhli\u00f0a grass\u00e1ningunni (sj\u00e1 n\u00e1nar \u00ed texta um \u00e1bur\u00f0argj\u00f6f). A\u00f0 lokum er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 v\u00f6kva grasfl\u00f6tina vel og halda raka a\u00f0 grasfr\u00e6inu \u00fear til \u00fea\u00f0 hefur sp\u00edra\u00f0.<\/p>\n

Athugi\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim tilfellum sem jar\u00f0vegur er miki\u00f0 \u00fejappa\u00f0ur og s\u00farefnislaus hefur mosat\u00e6ting takm\u00f6rku\u00f0 \u00e1hrif til lengri t\u00edma lti\u00f0. Til a\u00f0 losa um \u00fejappa\u00f0an jar\u00f0veg m\u00e1 t.d. nota venjulegan jar\u00f0vegsgaffal og stinga honum ni\u00f0ur \u00ed grassv\u00f6r\u00f0inn, eins langt og teinarnir n\u00e1, me\u00f0 u.\u00fe.b. 10 cm millibili. Gott er a\u00f0 toga gaffalinn aftur og reyna a\u00f0 losa um jar\u00f0veginn. Til eru s\u00e9rh\u00e6f\u00f0 t\u00e6ki sem framkv\u00e6ma sl\u00edka g\u00f6tun en \u00feau eru \u00ed flestum tilfellum d\u00fdr og \u00e6tlu\u00f0 til nota \u00e1 golf- og knattspyrnuv\u00f6llum. Eftir a\u00f0 grasfl\u00f6tin hefur veri\u00f0 g\u00f6tu\u00f0 er gott a\u00f0 dreifa sandi yfir sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 og reyna a\u00f0 koma honum ni\u00f0ur \u00ed g\u00f6tin, t.d. me\u00f0 rakstri e\u00f0a jafnvel a\u00f0 s\u00f3pa honum me\u00f0 str\u00e1k\u00fasti. Vi\u00f0 \u00feetta myndast r\u00fdmi fyrir grasr\u00e6tur a\u00f0 vaxa \u00ed og einnig eykst loftunin og vatnslei\u00f0nin. Anna\u00f0 vandam\u00e1l sem mosat\u00e6ting leysir ekki er \u00feegar vaxtarlag grasflatar innihaldur h\u00e1tt hlutfall af svo k\u00f6llu\u00f0u \u00fe\u00e6fi, sem er uppsafna\u00f0 l\u00edfr\u00e6nt efni t.d. hey eftir sl\u00e1tt og anna\u00f0 dautt l\u00edfr\u00e6nt efni. Ver\u00f0i \u00fe\u00e6fislagi\u00f0 of \u00feykkt veldur \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00farefnisleysi og einnig getur \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 s\u00farna\u00f0 og gerjast sem aftur lei\u00f0ir til \u00f3heppilegra a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0na fyrir grasr\u00e6tur. Til a\u00f0 greina vandam\u00e1l tengd \u00fe\u00e6fislagi m\u00e1 skera prufuholu ni\u00f0ur \u00ed grasfl\u00f6tina, t.d. me\u00f0 stungusk\u00f3flu. \u00deykkt \u00fe\u00e6fi er fyrirsta\u00f0a svo erfitt er a\u00f0 stinga sk\u00f3flu \u00ed gegnum \u00fea\u00f0. Einnig m\u00e1 greina s\u00farnandi \u00fe\u00e6fi vondri \u00e1 lykt. Svokalla\u00f0ur raufarskeri er gjarnan nota\u00f0ur til a\u00f0 losa um \u00fe\u00e6fi en \u00fea\u00f0 er t\u00e6ki sem sker ni\u00f0ur \u00ed jar\u00f0veginn, d\u00fdpra en mosat\u00e6tari, og r\u00edfur \u00fe\u00e6fislagi\u00f0 upp \u00e1 yfirbor\u00f0i\u00f0. \u00c6skilegt er fagmenn framkv\u00e6mi raufarskur\u00f0 og fl\u00f3knari loftunara\u00f0ger\u00f0ir. \u00cd m\u00f6rgum tilvikum er einfaldlega \u00f3d\u00fdrast og best a\u00f0 t\u00e6ta upp gamla grasi\u00f0 og leggja n\u00fdja fl\u00f6t. Samhli\u00f0a getur veri\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 auka birtu \u00ed gar\u00f0inum me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed grisja trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n

Eftirfylgni \u2013 a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 hindra mosav\u00f6xt \u00ed grasfl\u00f6tum.<\/p>\n

Sem fyrr segir hefur sl\u00e1ttuh\u00e6\u00f0 grassins \u00e1hrif \u00e1 mosav\u00f6xt og mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 sl\u00e1 grasi\u00f0 ekki of ne\u00f0arlega. Gott er a\u00f0 stilla sl\u00e1ttuv\u00e9l \u00ed h\u00e1a sl\u00e1ttustillingu, t.d. 5 cm og sl\u00e1 frekar oftar. Vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 styrkist grasi\u00f0, r\u00f3tarv\u00f6xtur eykst og \u00fear me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9ttleiki \u00ed sver\u00f0i auk \u00feess sem grasi\u00f0 skyggir \u00e1 mosann \u00ed sver\u00f0inum.<\/p>\n

Gott er a\u00f0 gefa jar\u00f0vegsb\u00e6ti, s.s. kalk e\u00f0a skeljasand sem hefur j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 s\u00fdrustig jar\u00f0vegsins. Einnig er gott a\u00f0 gefa aukaskammt af \u00fer\u00edfosfati til a\u00f0 styrkja r\u00f3tarkerfi grassins. Almennt er \u00e1bur\u00f0argj\u00f6f grasinu alltaf til b\u00f3ta og eykur h\u00e6fni \u00feess til a\u00f0 standast samkeppni vi\u00f0 mosann, sem \u00fer\u00edfst illa vi\u00f0 endurtekna \u00e1bur\u00f0argj\u00f6f.<\/p>\n

Samkv\u00e6mt ofangreindri l\u00fdsingu er \u00e6skilegt a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma mosat\u00e6tingu \u00ed \u00feessari r\u00f6\u00f0:<\/p>\n

1. Raka e\u00f0a t\u00e6ta mosann \u00ed nokkrum umfer\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

2. Fjarl\u00e6gja mosa og anna\u00f0 efni sem losnar vi\u00f0 t\u00e6tinguna.<\/p>\n

3. Dreifa grasfr\u00e6i \u00ed s\u00e1rin.<\/p>\n

4. Dreifa f\u00ednum sandi og\/e\u00f0a mold yfir fl\u00f6tina.<\/p>\n

5. Bera \u00e1bur\u00f0 og kalk \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0.<\/p>\n

6. V\u00f6kva sv\u00e6\u00f0i\u00f0 vel me\u00f0 vatns\u00fa\u00f0ara.<\/p>\n

Efni og verkf\u00e6ri<\/p>\n

Grasfr\u00e6: Nota skal fr\u00e6bl\u00f6ndu sem \u00e6tlu\u00f0 er \u00e1 venjulegar grasflatir.<\/p>\n

\u00c1bur\u00f0ur: Gott er a\u00f0 nota l\u00edfr\u00e6nan \u00e1bur\u00f0, t.d. sveppamassa, fiski- e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00f6rungamj\u00f6l. Einnig m\u00e1 nota tilb\u00fanar \u00e1bur\u00f0artegundir, t.d. Bl\u00e1korn e\u00f0a Graskorn.<\/p>\n

Hey- og\/e\u00f0a laufhr\u00edfa: Nau\u00f0synlegt verkf\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 raka saman mosa og grasi \u00far yfirbor\u00f0i. Til a\u00f0 raka mosa \u00far yfirbor\u00f0i er best a\u00f0 nota hr\u00edfu \u00far plasti sem gefur vel eftir og festist ekki \u00e1 fyrirst\u00f6\u00f0um.<\/p>\n

Mosat\u00e6tari: H\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 kaupa e\u00f0a leigja \u00fdmsar tegundir mosat\u00e6tara, b\u00e6\u00f0i rafmagns- og bens\u00ednkn\u00fana.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nnur s\u00e9rh\u00e6f\u00f0 t\u00e6ki til loftunar: Leiti\u00f0 til fagmanna.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lei\u00f0beiningar um a\u00f0ger\u00f0ir gegn mosa Mosi \u00ed grasfl\u00f6tum er algengt og hvimleitt vandam\u00e1l. \u00c1st\u00e6\u00f0ur fyrir mosavextinum geta veri\u00f0 af \u00fdmsum toga. Algengur misskilningur er a\u00f0 mosi \u00fer\u00edfist best \u00ed h\u00e1v\u00f6xnu grasi og \u00fev\u00ed beri a\u00f0 sl\u00e1 grasi\u00f0 ne\u00f0arlega. Stundum er jafnvel tala\u00f0 um a\u00f0 “h\u00e1tt gras s\u00e9 gr\u00f3\u00f0rarst\u00eda fyrir mosav\u00f6xt”. Hi\u00f0 r\u00e9tta er einmitt gagnst\u00e6tt, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[24,47],"tags":[91],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=887"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1997,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/887\/revisions\/1997"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}