Umhir\u00f0a og vi\u00f0hald \u00e1 gr\u00e6num sv\u00e6\u00f0um sveitarf\u00e9laga er v\u00ed\u00f0a umfangsmikil og kostna\u00f0ars\u00f6m. Fagleg og v\u00f6ndu\u00f0 umhir\u00f0a hefur miki\u00f0 a\u00f0 segja var\u00f0andi \u00fatlit, notkun og endingu gr\u00f3\u00f0ur\u00adsv\u00e6\u00f0anna. Miklu skiptir a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem sinna f\u00f6stum vi\u00f0haldsverkefnum, t.d. grassl\u00e6tti, trj\u00e1klippingum, \u00e1bur\u00f0argj\u00f6f o.fl. hafi til \u00feess nau\u00f0synlega menntun og reynslu.<\/p>\n
Verkfr\u00e6\u00f0istofan Efla veitir r\u00e1\u00f0gj\u00f6f var\u00f0andi uppbyggingu og umhir\u00f0u gr\u00e6nna sv\u00e6\u00f0a. Einn li\u00f0ur \u00ed \u00fej\u00f3nustunni eru \u00e1stands\u00fattektir \u00e1 gr\u00f3\u00f0ursv\u00e6\u00f0um, m.a. grassv\u00e6\u00f0um. Lagt er mat \u00e1 hvort umhir\u00f0a og vi\u00f0hald s\u00e9 \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 l\u00edffr\u00e6\u00f0ilegar \u00fearfir gr\u00f3\u00f0ursins, m.t.t. \u00feess \u00e1lags sem \u00e1 sv\u00e6\u00f0inu er, og \u00fe\u00e6r \u00fatlitskr\u00f6fur sem rekstrara\u00f0ili hefur sett s\u00e9r.<\/p>\n
Vi\u00f0 framkv\u00e6md \u00e1stands\u00fattekta, \u00e1 undanf\u00f6rnum misserum, hafa komi\u00f0 \u00ed lj\u00f3s t\u00f6luver\u00f0ar skemmdir \u00e1 trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0ri. \u00deessar skemmdir eru tilkomnar af \u00fdmsum \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0um. Fyrst og fremst er um a\u00f0 kenna rangri umhir\u00f0u og umgengni. Tr\u00e9 og runnar sem standa \u00ed e\u00f0a me\u00f0fram grassv\u00e6\u00f0um eru afar l\u00edkleg til a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a fyrir sl\u00e1ttuskemmdum, \u00fe.e. ska\u00f0a af v\u00f6ldum sl\u00e1ttuv\u00e9la og sl\u00e1ttuorfa. Ska\u00f0i af v\u00f6ldum sl\u00e1ttuorfa \u00fear sem n\u00e6lon\u00fer\u00e1\u00f0ur skerst \u00ed trj\u00e1b\u00f6rkinn er \u00ed flestum tilfellum mj\u00f6g alvarlegur. Einnig er \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur algengt a\u00f0 sl\u00e1ttutraktorar keyri utan \u00ed trj\u00e1stofna.<\/p>\n
Trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0ur er \u00ed \u00f6llum tilfellum mj\u00f6g vi\u00f0kv\u00e6mur vi\u00f0 r\u00f3tarh\u00e1lsinn (ne\u00f0st vi\u00f0 j\u00f6r\u00f0u). S\u00e1r sem myndast \u00e1 \u00feessu sv\u00e6\u00f0i, l\u00e1r\u00e9tt \u00e1 stofni vi\u00f0 r\u00f3tarh\u00e1ls, eru l\u00edkleg til a\u00f0 hafa mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 heilbrig\u00f0i tr\u00e9sins, t.d draga mj\u00f6g \u00far varnargetu, vaxtarhra\u00f0a og l\u00edft\u00edma. Skemmdin veldur m.a. \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 flutningslei\u00f0ir fr\u00e1 r\u00f3tum til trj\u00e1kr\u00f3nu rofna. Trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0ur \u00fearf a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 \u00f6llum skemmdum og s\u00e1rum \u00e1 stofni og greinum. Mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 tr\u00e9\u00f0 n\u00e1i a\u00f0 loka fyrir s\u00e1ri\u00f0 \u00e1\u00f0ur en s\u00fdking e\u00f0a rot berst \u00ed \u00fea\u00f0. Mikil orka fer \u00ed \u00feetta hj\u00e1 tr\u00e9nu og \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00fea\u00f0 gl\u00edmir vi\u00f0 skemmdina sitja a\u00f0rir \u00fe\u00e6ttir \u00e1 hakanum, m.a. upptaka n\u00e6ringarefna og v\u00f6xtur greina og r\u00f3ta. \u00cd m\u00f6rgum tilfellum er lj\u00f3st a\u00f0 tr\u00e9\u00f0 mun ekki r\u00e1\u00f0a vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 skemmdinni, t.d. vegna st\u00e6r\u00f0ar og sta\u00f0setningu skemmdar, og s\u00e9 \u00fev\u00ed \u00f3umfl\u00fdjanlega dau\u00f0ans matur. \u00c1stand \u00feessara trj\u00e1a getur valdi\u00f0 umtalsver\u00f0ri slysa- og tj\u00f3nah\u00e6ttu, b\u00e6\u00f0i gagnvart f\u00f3lki og mannvirkjum, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00feegar um h\u00e1vaxinn tr\u00e9 er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. \u00deess m\u00e1 geta a\u00f0 \u00ed ma\u00ed \u00e1 s.l. \u00e1ri var\u00f0 banaslys \u00ed Danm\u00f6rku \u00feegar h\u00e1vaxi\u00f0 tr\u00e9 brotna\u00f0i og f\u00e9ll \u00e1 b\u00edl me\u00f0 fyrrgreindum aflei\u00f0ingum. Ranns\u00f3knir leiddu \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 rotskemmdir voru \u00ed stofni tr\u00e9sins.<\/p>\n
N\u00e1granna\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ir okkar hafa fyrir m\u00f6rgum \u00e1rum gert s\u00e9r grein fyrir alvarleika m\u00e1lsins og mikilv\u00e6gi \u00feess a\u00f0 faglega s\u00e9 sta\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fatpl\u00f6ntun og vi\u00f0haldi trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0urs. Hugtaki\u00f0 \u201eH\u00e6ttutr\u00e9\u201c (d. Risikotr\u00e6) er a\u00f0 mestu \u00f3\u00feekkt h\u00e9r \u00e1 landi en nau\u00f0syn krefur \u00feess a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 huglei\u00f0um hva\u00f0a aflei\u00f0ingar skemmdir \u00e1 trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0ri geta haft \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r.<\/p>\n
Trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0ur \u00e1 \u00cdslandi hefur fram til \u00feessa ekki valdi\u00f0 alvarlegum slysum \u00e1 m\u00f6nnum e\u00f0a miklu tj\u00f3ni \u00e1 mannvirkjum. \u00de\u00f3 hafa \u00e1 s\u00ed\u00f0astli\u00f0num \u00e1rum or\u00f0i\u00f0 t\u00f6luver\u00f0ir ska\u00f0ar \u00e1 trj\u00e1gr\u00f3\u00f0ri, m.a. st\u00f3r tr\u00e9 og greinar falli\u00f0 og brotna\u00f0, t.d. \u00ed hvassvi\u00f0ri \u00e1 Nor\u00f0urlandi hausti\u00f0 2008.<\/p>\n
\u00c1 \u00cdslandi m\u00e1 v\u00ed\u00f0a finna st\u00f3rvaxnar trj\u00e1tegundir, svo sem aspir, greni, lerki o.fl. sem hafa n\u00e1\u00f0 um og yfir 20 m h\u00e6\u00f0 og eru hvergi n\u00e6rri h\u00e6tt a\u00f0 vaxa. M\u00f6rg \u00feessara h\u00e1u trj\u00e1a hafa n\u00e1\u00f0 sl\u00edkri st\u00e6r\u00f0 a\u00f0 vind\u00e1lag sem hv\u00edlir \u00e1 \u00feeim er miki\u00f0 auk \u00feess sem \u00feau hafa vaxi\u00f0 upp fyrir skj\u00f3lsv\u00e6\u00f0i s\u00edn, t.d. byggingar og \u00f6nnur mannvirki. Mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00feekkjum e\u00f0li \u00feessara trj\u00e1a og \u00fe\u00e6r h\u00e6ttur sem \u00feeim getur fylgt, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed \u00feeim tilfellum sem um g\u00f6llu\u00f0 tr\u00e9 er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, t.d. tr\u00e9 sem hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir skemmdum, eru sj\u00fak e\u00f0a rangt sta\u00f0sett.<\/p>\n
Hva\u00f0 er til r\u00e1\u00f0a?<\/strong><\/p>\n \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 skal vanda sem lengi \u00e1 a\u00f0 standa\u201c. Mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 h\u00f6nnu\u00f0ir gr\u00e6nna sv\u00e6\u00f0a taki mi\u00f0 af nau\u00f0synlegri umhir\u00f0u og vi\u00f0haldi. Huga \u00fearf vel a\u00f0 vali \u00e1 tegundum, sta\u00f0setningu m.t.t. vaxtarr\u00fdmis, jar\u00f0vegi, framkv\u00e6md \u00fatpl\u00f6ntunar og umhir\u00f0u.<\/p>\n Starfsmenn sem sinna uppbyggingu og vi\u00f0haldi gr\u00f3\u00f0ursv\u00e6\u00f0a \u00feurfa a\u00f0 hafa til \u00feess s\u00e9rh\u00e6f\u00f0a menntun og reynslu.\u00a0\u00cd m\u00f6rgum tilfellum getur veri\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegt a\u00f0 nota hl\u00edfar umhverfis tr\u00e9n, t.d. yfirbor\u00f0s\u00feekju til a\u00f0 gras vaxi ekki upp a\u00f0 stofni og hindra \u00feannig a\u00f0 sl\u00e1ttut\u00e6ki fari n\u00e1l\u00e6gt tr\u00e9nu. Einnig getur \u00feurft a\u00f0 koma fyrir hl\u00edfum \u00feegar tr\u00e9 eru sta\u00f0sett \u00e1 framkv\u00e6mdasv\u00e6\u00f0um. Vi\u00f0 jar\u00f0vinnu, t.d. lagnavinnu \u00fearf a\u00f0 taka tillit til tj\u00e1r\u00f3ta, m.a. g\u00e6ta \u00feess a\u00f0 sker\u00f0a ekki st\u00f3rar r\u00e6tur og \u00fear me\u00f0 r\u00f3tfestu trj\u00e1nna.<\/p>\n Varast ber a\u00f0 nota sand e\u00f0a m\u00f6l me\u00f0 sk\u00f6rpum br\u00fanum (broti\u00f0 efni) sem \u00feekjuefni vi\u00f0 trj\u00e1stofna \u00fev\u00ed fj\u00f6lm\u00f6rg d\u00e6mi er um a\u00f0 \u00feau skeri b\u00f6rk trj\u00e1nna sm\u00e1tt og sm\u00e1tt \u00feegar stofnar trj\u00e1nna hreyfast vegna vinds.<\/p>\n Leggja \u00fearf mat \u00e1 \u00feau tr\u00e9 sem \u00feegar hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir skemmdum. S\u00e9 \u00e1stand tr\u00e9sins, m.t.t. sta\u00f0setningar h\u00e6ttulegt, \u00fearf a\u00f0 breg\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed \u00e1 vi\u00f0eigandi h\u00e1tt, t.d. fjarl\u00e6gja h\u00e6ttulegar greinar e\u00f0a \u00ed verstu tilfellunum a\u00f0 fella tr\u00e9\u00f0.<\/p>\n H\u00f6fundur, Magn\u00fas Bjarklind, er starfsma\u00f0ur Verkfr\u00e6\u00f0istofunnar Eflu og framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3ri Horticum menntaf\u00e9lags.<\/p>\n Umhir\u00f0a og vi\u00f0hald \u00e1 gr\u00e6num sv\u00e6\u00f0um sveitarf\u00e9laga er v\u00ed\u00f0a umfangsmikil og kostna\u00f0ars\u00f6m. Fagleg og v\u00f6ndu\u00f0 umhir\u00f0a hefur miki\u00f0 a\u00f0 segja var\u00f0andi \u00fatlit, notkun og endingu gr\u00f3\u00f0ur\u00adsv\u00e6\u00f0anna. Miklu skiptir a\u00f0 \u00feeir sem sinna f\u00f6stum vi\u00f0haldsverkefnum, t.d. grassl\u00e6tti, trj\u00e1klippingum, \u00e1bur\u00f0argj\u00f6f o.fl. hafi til \u00feess nau\u00f0synlega menntun og reynslu. Verkfr\u00e6\u00f0istofan Efla veitir r\u00e1\u00f0gj\u00f6f var\u00f0andi uppbyggingu og umhir\u00f0u gr\u00e6nna […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[24],"tags":[35,21],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/566"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=566"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":570,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/566\/revisions\/570"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=566"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/horticum.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"